There areseveral different typesof neuropathy, with peripheral neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy being the most common.
Types of Diabetic Neuropathy
There are several types of neuropathy that may develop in relation to diabetes.
Some people experience just one of these types, while others may have more than one.
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Symptoms can range from mild to disabling.
And while they most often worsen gradually, it’s possible for severe symptoms to appear suddenly.
Peripheral neuropathy usually affects both sides of the body.
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Symptoms can include:
Autonomic neuropathy symptoms can vary widely, depending on which organs are involved.
The weakness may make it difficult to stand up.
Focal neuropathy, by definition, affects one nerve.
If a nerve in the face is affected,Bell’s palsymight result.
Damage to an eye nerve might lead to double vision.
Causes
Consistentlyelevated blood sugar levelscan cause diabetic neuropathy.
Over time, uncontrolled glucose levels interfere with nerve signaling and functioning.
This may lead to weakening blood capillary walls, which could starve nerves of oxygen and nutrients.
The diabetes medication metformin has a side effect that reduces B12 levels in the body.
An exam for peripheral neuropathy might also include testing your balance, reflexes, and your walking gait.
Anerve conduction studyor electromyelography might be done to test how well the nerves are working.
For autonomic neuropathy, specific tests would depend on the symptoms you’re experiencing.
Your provider may check how your heart rate and blood pressure changes with movement.
Tests can assess bladder and digestive functions, or sweating.
It might also be necessary to rule out other possible causes of neuropathy symptoms.
The same is true if you’ve recently changed your treatment strategy.
Medications
Not everyone with neuropathy will experience nerve pain.
Your healthcare provider may also recommend prescription medication to treat your neuropathy.
Some options include:
In some cases, neuropathy pain may not be responsive to pain medication.
This can lead to muscle weakening or more serious disability.
People with diabetes need to takespecial care of their feet, and regularly inspect them for problems.
Diligent foot care, however, can prevent these operations from becoming necessary.
