This rare condition not only affects humans, but also animals with a backbone (vertebrates).
People with the condition typically have light skin and hair and are highly sensitive to sun exposure.
Aside from possible problems with vision, those with albinism are otherwise healthy.
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There is no cure for albinism, and treatment is typically centered on caring for the eyes and skin.
This article covers the different types and symptoms of albinism, as well as ways to manage the condition.
What Is Albinism?
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Albinism originates from the Latin wordalbus, meaning white.
Albinism is obvious at birth.
Persons with the condition typically present with light skin, hair, and eyes.
Due to a lack of melanin, their skin is very sensitive to light and sun.
Problems with eyesight are also not uncommon.
There are seven types of OCA which are referred to as OCA types 17.
People with albinism who are of African or Asian descent may have yellow, reddish, or brown hair.
They usually aren’t able to tan, but do sunburn easily.
Vision
The most problematic characteristic of albinism is the effect it has on vision.
These cells produce the melanin, or pigment, that imparts color to skin, hair, and eyes.
Albinism can occur alone or as a symptom of separate disorders.
Diagnosing Albinism
The distinctive physical characteristics and symptoms of albinism are usually enough to diagnose the condition.
Note that there can be a great deal of variation among people with albinism.
The disorder could be detected with genetic testing, but this is rarely necessary or routinely done.
Any treatment a person with albinism may need regarding eye or vision problems will depend on their individual symptoms.
The condition is generally considered benign, though some people may experience problems with vision.
There is no cure for albinism, and treatment mainly focuses on taking care of the eyes and skin.
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD).Oculocutaneous albinism.
Genetics Home Reference.Oculocutaneous albinism.
Porter D.What is Albinism?American Academy of Ophthalmology.
