Also called the mesencephalon
The midbrain functions as a relay system, transmitting information necessary for vision and hearing.
It also plays an important role in motor movement, pain, and the sleep/wake cycle.
The midbrain, also called the mesencephalon, is a part of the central nervous system.
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It is located below your cerebral cortex and at the top of your brainstem.
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Anatomy
The midbrain is the most superior region of the brainstem.
Your brainstem also plays a critical role in sleep and consciousness.
The superior colliculi of the midbrain is also responsible for generating eye movements and neck muscle activity.
It is triggered by the death of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the substantia nigra.
Midbrain dysplasia is one such genetic malformation that results in microcephaly, spasticity, intellectual disability, and seizures.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the specific pathology that is affecting the midbrain.
For example, patients with abrain tumorthat affects the midbrain may require surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy.
From there, various therapies may be advised including medications, like ananticoagulant, and rehabilitation therapy (e.g.
physical and occupational therapy).
MS-related inflammationof the midbrain often requires short-term treatment with corticosteroids and long-term treatment with adisease-modifying therapy.
Rehabilitation therapies to manage symptoms is also often warranted.
Caminero F, Cascella M.Neuroanatomy, mesencephalon midbrain.
Driscoll ME, Tadi P.Neuroanatomy, Inferior Colliculus.
In:StatPearls[Internet].
Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
