Hydrocele and varicocele differ not only by their causes and symptoms but also by the age groups they affect.

Depending on the severity or persistence of symptoms, the conditions may or may not require treatment.

This photo contains content that some people may find graphic or disturbing.

Hydrocele vs Varicocele illustration

Illustration by Zoe Hansen for Verywell Health

Verywell Health acknowledges thatsex and genderare related concepts, but they are not the same.

Hydroceles and varicoceles are common urological conditions that are generally not serious.

While neither condition is inherently serious, complications can sometimes occur.

Many of the same tests and procedures are used for hydrocele or varicocele.

Not everyone can take these medications, so speak with your healthcare provider beforehand.

Surgical Treatment

Surgery is the treatment of choice for hydrocele or varicocele.

These surgeries are typically performed on anoutpatient basisundergeneral anesthesia.

The choice depends in part on the age and size of the person.

Microsurgery (involving an operating microscope) orrobotic surgerymay also be used.

How Is Microsurgery Different?

Most people can return to work within two days to a week.

By understanding the risks, you’ve got the option to make informed decisions.

Untreated Hydroceles or Varicoceles

The main risk of leaving a hydrocele untreated is aninguinal hernia.

The main risk of untreated varicocele is infertility andsexual dysfunction.

This is why varicocele repair is commonly pursued iftestosterone levelsare especially low.

After Aspiration or Surgery

The surgeries used for hydrocele and varicocele have become increasingly safe and effective.

Summary

Hydrocele and varicocele are two conditions affecting the reproductive tract of people with testicles.

Hydrocele, most often seen in infants, is the buildup of fluid in the sac surrounding the testicle.

A hydrocele often requires no treatment and tends to resolve on its own.

If treatment is needed, surgery is usually the treatment of choice.

Other nonsurgical procedures are available, including varicocele embolization and hydrocele aspiration with sclerotherapy.

Beard JH, Ohene-Yeboah M, Devries CR, Schecter WP.Chapter 9. hernia and hydrocele.

In:Essential Surgery: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 1).

Washington (DC): World Bank; 2015.

Clavijo RI, Carrasquillo R, Ramasamy R.Varicoceles: prevalence and pathogenesis in adult men.Fertility Sterility.

2017;108(3):364-369. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.06.036

MedlinePlus.Varicocele.

Bostwick DG, Ma J.14 - spermatic cord and testicular adnexa.

In:Urologic Surgical Pathology (Fourth Edition).

2014;3(4):413-7. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2014.12.07

University of North Carolina School of Medicine.Varicocele.

MedlinePlus.Hydrocele repair - series - indications.

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.Hydrocele repair.

Alberta Health Services (Canada).Hydrocelectomy: what to expect at home.

2024;75(4):921-930. doi:10.1177/08465371241243271