Iodineis a chemical found in foods, some salts, anddietary supplements.
The body does not naturally make iodine; therefore, it relies on external sources.
The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of iodine for adults is 150 micrograms (mcg).
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Quantities over 1,100 mcg have been associated with an increased risk of thyroid disorders.
This article will discuss how iodine poisoning happens and what can be done about it.
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How Does Iodine Poisoning Happen?
Food rarely causes iodine poisoning.
The recommended dietary intake is 150 mcg per day for adults 19 and over.
Taking over 1,100 mcg daily for an extended period is considered the upper intake level.
Anything over 1,100 mcg can increase the risk of iodine-induced diseases likehyperthyroidism(an overactive thyroid).
Main Iodine Sources
Iodine dietary supplements are typically found as potassium iodide or sodium iodide.
Some supplements use kelp seaweed, which contains iodine.
Dietary supplements that contain iodine usually have 150 mcg.
Some supplements only contain iodine.
These supplements tend to have a much higher dose and are often higher than the recommended daily dose.
Iodine can also be found infood sources.
Those with thyroid conditions must refer to their healthcare provider for their recommended iodine levels.
Symptoms of Too Much Iodine
The thyroid gland can adapt to various iodine levels.
However, iodine poisoning can cause mild to very severe symptoms.
Below are mild and severe reactions of too much iodine.
People with a thyroid disorder may be more sensitive to iodine consumption.
Taking iodine supplements or eating foods high in iodine can worsen hyperthyroidism.
Consuming too much iodine can also cause thyroid disorders.
Do not inducevomitingunless instructed by the poison control or a healthcare provider.
Do give someone with iodine poisoning milk or cornstarch or flour mixed with water.
Give milk every 15 minutes.
Do not give anything to a person who may have trouble swallowing.
This could be because they are vomiting,seizing, confused, or have decreased alertness.
Hospitalization for Iodine Poisoning
When someone has iodine poisoning, do not delay medical care.
Once they are in the hospital, treatment will depend upon how critically ill they are.
Summary
Iodine is a necessary chemical used by the thyroid gland.
When too much iodine is consumed, there is a potential of developing iodine poisoning.
While far less common than an iodine deficiency, iodine poisoning is a medical emergency that needs immediate attention.
A healthcare provider will determine the necessary care level and may use treatments like activated charcoal.
National Institutes of Health.Iodine.
Published online March 20, 2019:nyas.14041.
