Medical History
Let’s say a person comes in with abnormal vaginal bleeding.
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For instance, since the cervix connects the uterus to the vagina, a pap smear may be performed.
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During a pap smear, a cell sample is taken from the cervix to screen for cervical cancer.
Blood Tests
There is no single blood test that can diagnose endometrial cancer.
During the transvaginal ultrasound, the lining of the uterus is examined and measured.
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While an ultrasound is a helpful tool, the only way to diagnose endometrial cancer is through a biopsy.
During a hysteroscopy, a tiny scope is placed into the uterus through the vagina and cervix.
A small amount of tissue is then removed by a special suction instrument.
This tissue sample is then examined under a microscope by a specialized healthcare provider called a pathologist.
The pathologist looks at the tissue to see whether there are cancerous cells present.
In this case, a procedure called a dilation and curettage (D&C) will be performed.
A D&C can be done with or without the use of a hysteroscope.
American Cancer Society.Signs and symptoms of endometrial cancer.
American Cancer Society.Tests for endometrial cancer.
Gu M, Shi W, Barakat RR, et al.Pap smears in women with endometrial carcinoma.Acta Cytol.
2001;45(4):555-560. doi:10.1159/000327864
National Cancer Institute.Endometrial cancer screening (PDQ)patient version.
American Cancer Society.Can endometrial cancer be found early?
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.Management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in nonpregnant reproductive-aged women.
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.Frequently asked questions: abnormal uterine bleeding.
