Congenital conditions and diseases are present before or at the time of birth.
Causes
In most cases, the cause of a congenital condition is unknown.
When the cause is determined, it may be environmental, genetic, or a combination of both.
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Sometimes even with the right number of chromosomes, a gene on the chromosome is abnormal.
For some conditions, likecystic fibrosis, a child gets the same defective gene from both parents.
In other conditions, like Marfan syndrome, only one parent passes on an abnormal gene.
That could include an infection or chemicals that affect the fetus during a critical stage of development.
Drinking alcohol during pregnancy may causefetal alcohol syndrome, which can cause brain damage and growth problems.
Some medications can also lead to birth defects when taken during pregnancy.
Always check with your healthcare provider to check that that your medications are safe to take while pregnant.
After birth, congenital conditions may be diagnosed through physical examination or blood tests.
Treatment
Treatment for congenital conditions varies greatly depending on the diagnosis.
Talk with your healthcare provider to find out more about treatment options for your baby’s condition.
They can help you understand screening and treatment options and provide guidance for future care.
American Academy of Pediatrics.Congenital abnormalities.
World Health Organization.Congenital disorders.
