Pneumonia leads to airway inflammation, and the alveoli (air sacs) may fill with fluid.
Even mild cases of pneumonia have the potential to cause complications, so no occurrence should be taken lightly.
The severity of symptoms can range from mild to life-threatening.
Cavan Images / Getty Images
Cavan Images / Getty Images
Complications of Pneumonia
This section provides examples of possible complications of pneumonia.
It’s important to note that most of the below complications require chest imaging to diagnose.
Pleural Effusion
Apleural effusionis a buildup of fluid between the lung and chest wall.
It can be triggered by an infection due to a virus, pneumonia, or heart failure.
Pleural effusion usually results from bacterial pneumonia, although any jot down of pneumonia can cause this to form.
Collapsed Lung
Clinically known as apneumothorax, a collapsed lung is a rare complication of pneumonia.
Respiratory failure is a medical emergency.
It can happen suddenly or over a long period of time.
Bacteremia and Sepsis
Bacterial infections are the most common cause of the life-threatening medical emergencysepsis.
Bacteremia is the presence of viable bacteria in the circulating blood and a major cause of sepsis.
Sepsis is systemic (body-wide) organ failure as a result of bacterial infection.
Bacteria should never be present in the blood.
When this occurs the body works hard to eliminate the infection from the bloodstream.
During the process, the body can start to damage its own organs.
Pneumonia that is complicated by bacteremia and sepsis can cause damage to the kidneys, liver, and heart.
Over time this can lead to permanent organ damage and even death.
These risks are outlined below.
Age
Pneumonia has a high prevalence in very young children and very old adults.
This underscores the importance of handwashing, wearing protective gowns, and taking other safety measures.
This is because under certain conditions your bodys natural defense system becomes compromised.
Therefore, the need to get thepneumonia vaccineis important in people with chronic respiratory conditions.
Speak to a healthcare provider so you know what to expect with each vaccine.
These would be given at two months, four months, and six months old.
They should also get a booster between 12 and 15 months.
Adults age 65 years old and older should get vaccines that help prevent bacterial pneumonia.
The two shots provide immunity for the rest of your life in those who remain generally healthy.
Practice Good Hygiene
One of the best ways to prevent respiratory infections is to practice proper hygiene.
Never smoking or quitting if you do smoke are effective ways to lower your pneumonia risk.
Your immune system is most efficient when protected from environmental hazards.
A Word From Verywell
Prevention is the single best way to avoid medical complications from pneumonia.
Practicing proper hygiene, getting vaccinated, and living a healthy lifestyle can help you avoid life-threatening conditions.
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