Anal cancerandhemorrhoidsare different conditions that have some similar characteristics.
Anal cancer develops when the cells lining the anus begin to grow abnormally.
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum or anus.
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One of the major differences is the cause of the discomfort and bleeding.
The bleeding due to hemorrhoids is usually intermittent and notable while having a bowel movement.
Hemorrhoids are also much more common than anal cancer.
The lifetime risk of anal cancer is 1 in 500.
Generally, these symptoms are worse when straining to have a bowel movement or sitting for a long time.
Signs and Symptoms of Anal Cancer
Anal cancer canpresent with a variety of symptoms.
One of the most common symptoms is rectal bleeding.
This can be seen during bowel movements or noticed in the stool.
Other symptoms of anal cancer include:
What Causes Hemorrhoids?
This increased pressure can occur due to a variety of reasons:
What Causes Anal Cancer?
Anal cancer develops when cells in the tissue lining the anus become abnormal and grow uncontrollably.
Additional tests may be ordered if your diagnosis is still unclear or if other severe symptoms are present.
They may perform asigmoidoscopyorcolonoscopyto examine the colon and rectum for other potential causes of symptoms.
Additional diagnostic tests can include:
The diagnostic process for anal cancer is extensive.
An accurate diagnosis of the disease to develop an appropriate treatment plan.
The goal is to relieve symptoms, reduce swelling, and improve quality of life.
For mild cases, self-care measures can improve symptoms and help with healing.
In more severe cases, medical procedures may be recommended.
Another procedure is sclerotherapy, which involves injecting a chemical solution into the hemorrhoid to shrink it.
If they can be removed without harming the anal sphincter, local excision can be performed.
The tumor, along with a margin of healthy tissue, is removed.
If the cancer remains after this treatment, abdominoperineal resection (APR) surgery may be recommended.
This surgery removes the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon.
Immunotherapy and targeted therapy are newer treatment options for certain types of anal cancer.
Healthcare providers can determine a diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
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