Sensor-augmented insulin pumps (SAPs) areinsulin pumpscapable of talking to continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs). As an “open-loop” system, SAPs still require manual adjustments and inputs from the wearer. This added up to a lot of painful finger sticks. Courtney Hale/Getty Images Most pumps feature plastic tubing that connects to an insulin reservoir clipped onto your clothing. All insulin pumps provide a continuous flow of short-acting insulin, known as a basal rate....

A blemish describes any discoloration, spot, or mark on the skin. There are different types of blemishes, and each has its own cause. Some blemishes, like acne, may be easy to recognize. Peopleimages / Getty Images For others, you’ll need to check with your healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis. In this condition, patches of skin become darker in color than the surrounding skin. The most common form of hyperpigmentation isage spots, also known as liver spots....

Keratin is also found in the nails and hair. Reproduced with permission from DermNet New Zealandwww.dermnetnz.org2023. A 2010 study found that women were slightly more likely than men to get a cutaneous horn. Reproduced with permission from ©DermNet New Zealandwww.dermnetnz.org2023. Treatment The treatment of a cutaneous horn depends on what bang out of lesion is involved. This is a medical procedure involving the removal of tissue by scraping or scooping....

The tears usually affect thin, fragileskin. Unlikesupple skinthat stretches to keep it from breaking, weak skin can rip easily. This article covers what skin tears are and who is at risk for them. PIXOLOGICSTUDIO / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Getty Images Category 1a means the skin flap is pink and healthy. Category 2a means the flap is pink. Category 2b means the flap is pale or blue. Category 3 In a category 3 skin tear, the skin flap is completely gone....

People usually spend the night at a hospital sleep laboratory or an outpatient sleep clinic. Electrodes attached to their body monitor their brain waves, breathing, and movement while they sleep. This article explains the purpose of a sleep study and how to prepare for one. Verywell / Emily Roberts A polysomnogram might also be advisable based on a screening test fornarcolepsy(excessive daytime sleepiness). The test is known as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale....

This deprives the brain of oxygen and nutrients, which kills brain cells. It can cause life-threatening consequences, such asseizuresorbrain swelling. This response to the lack of blood flow is called aninfarction. Hero Images / Getty Images High blood pressure can lead toatherosclerosis, a condition in which fatty deposits (plaque) clog the arteries. This can lead to ischemic strokes. A traveling blood clot is called anembolus. Smoking is also a risk factor for stroke....

Somnology is the science and research of sleep. A somnologist is a sleep doctor specializing in disorders and irregularities related to sleep. Luis Alvarez / Getty Images What Kind of Doctors Treat Sleep Disorders? Luis Alvarez / Getty Images What Is a Sleep Center? This information helps providers develop a treatment plan for their patients. Sleep centers are helpful because somnologists can study patients sleep disorders in a controlled environment throughout the night....

There are even those in the eyes that regulate the flow of light. Some sphincters are as large as a walnut, while others are microscopic. It also explains what can happen if they don’t work. BSIP / UIG / Getty Images The UES protects the entrance to theesophagus, which carries food from your throat to your stomach. The swallowing reflex triggers the opening of this sphincter. The UES prevents air from getting into the esophagus while you breathe....

Oftentimes, splinter hemorrhages are brought on by minor injuries, like biting your nails or stubbing your toe. However, they can also be a sign of serious disease, includingendocarditis, an infection of the heart. However, where the hemorrhage appears can give you important information about its causes and whether it is serious. PeopleImages / Getty Images Causes Tiny blood clots cause splinter hemorrhages under the nail. Diagnosis A physical exam can diagnose splinter hemorrhages....

In the majority of cases, antibiotics can successfully treat staph infections. However, some cases can be resistant and even life-threatening. Sometimes, a fever is present and the infected skin may drain pus. Verywell / Gary Ferster If the staph bacteria enter the bloodstream,sepsismay develop, which is very serious and potentially fatal. Besides living on people, staph can live on objects, such as doorknobs or athletic equipment. That said, colonization is not the same as an infection....

A stomach biopsy allows your healthcare provider to examine tissues under a microscope. This can help your provider diagnose conditions that affect yourstomach and digestive tract. sanjeri / Getty Images Why Is a Stomach Biopsy Performed? sanjeri / Getty Images During an endoscopic exam, your provider may see areas of concern that require a closer look. The Procedure Stomach biopsies are usually done during an upperupper endoscopy. This procedure uses a long, thin tube inserted into the mouth....

This condition is often confused with three similar conditions, which are: These terms are sometimes used interchangeably. The primary difference between a stress ulcer and a peptic ulcer is what causes them. While stress can make peptic ulcers worse, stress is not the cause. Jose Luis Pelaez / Getty Images They may also have similar symptoms, such as pain in the upper abdomen. However, they are different conditions. Gastropathy, however, causes damage to the lining of the stomach....

On light-colored skin, they generally look white to yellowish or pink. On darker skin, they may look pink, or there may be no visible discoloration. Anyone can get a stye.Clogged eyelid glands and eyelash follicles can lead to styes. leventalbas Diagnosis It’s best to see aneye doctorif you think you have a stye. Healing can usually be helped along with some home treatments. In some cases, you may need medication....